Hummingbirds, those dazzling jewels of the avian world, hold a special place in the hearts of Michigan nature lovers. Their arrival each spring marks a vibrant return of color and energy to our landscapes. However, the presence of the Ruby-throated Hummingbird, the only hummingbird species regularly found east of the Mississippi River, is made possible by a remarkable migratory journey full of challenges and wonder.

A Journey of Epic Proportions

These tiny birds, weighing less than a nickel, embark on an incredible journey from their wintering grounds in Central America and Mexico to their breeding grounds in Michigan and beyond. Their migration may cover thousands of miles, including a significant non-stop flight across the Gulf of Mexico. This feat is astonishing when considering their rapid wingbeats (up to 80 beats per second!) and intense metabolic demands.

Michigan: A Summer Haven

Ruby-throated Hummingbirds typically arrive in Michigan around late April to early May, their arrival coinciding with the blooming of native wildflowers. They have a preference for tubular red and orange flowers, such as Cardinal Flower and Trumpet Vine, which provide them with optimal nectar sources.

While in Michigan, hummingbirds play an important role in pollination and add a delightful element to the state's biodiversity. Backyard feeders filled with a simple sugar-water solution can provide additional nutrients, especially during crucial periods of migration and nesting, but care must be taken to keep feeders clean to avoid making the birds sick.

The Importance of Habitat

Planting a variety of native flowering plants that bloom throughout spring, summer, and fall ensures a continuous food supply. Reducing or eliminating pesticide use is equally important, as these chemicals harm hummingbirds and their insect food sources.

Changing Climates, Changing Journeys

The migratory patterns of hummingbirds are connected to daylight, food availability, and weather conditions. Recent research suggests that climate change is impacting both the timing and routes of hummingbird migration.